The upcoming UN climate convention talks in Bali in December may get a last-minute shake-up with signs that Australia, an opponent of the Kyoto Protocol and key US climate ally, may well switch sides on the eve of the meeting.

Australia, the only other rich nation along with the US not to ratify the Kyoto Protocol, could soon see a change of government to the pro-Kyoto Labor Party. A national election is due and Prime Minister John Howard says he will have it by early December at the latest. Most political observers believe it will be in late November.

With the opposition Labor Party well ahead in opinion polls under leader Kevin Rudd and consistently opposing the conservative Howard government’s refusal to ratify Kyoto, a change of government would likely see Australia change sides quickly, just weeks, possibly days, before the Bali meeting begins on December 3.

"We're certainly committed to immediately ratifying the protocol,” Labor’s environment spokesman, Peter Garrett, told Reuters yesterday.

Such a move would further isolate the United States in its stance against firm caps on greenhouse gas emissions, underlined in two key high-level meetings over the past week. While a new Labor government in Canberra may not have time to formally ratify the Protocol, its delegation to the annual meeting of the climate convention and the protocol parties would be welcomed by Kyoto-supporting nations and would further shift the balance against the US.

The stakes have been raised in the stand-off over international climate action in the past week with competing high-level meetings by the UN and the Bush Administration held within days of each other in New York and Washington. The meetings were billed by their respective hosts, UN Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon and US President George W Bush, as important precursors to the crucial Bali meeting. But they saw little progress as both sides stuck to their guns on the vexed question of which nations should commit to mandatory emission reduction targets.

"I think that ratification, and [Australia’s] participation will provide a needed boost to international climate change diplomacy," said Garrett, former lead singer of rock band Midnight Oil. "It certainly would highlight the fact that those countries that were stand-outs were dwindling in number."

It is unlikely, however, that an Australian switch to adopt the Kyoto Protocol would lead to a major shift in policy by the US at Bali to support firm caps on carbon emissions. Many observers still believe a comprehensive agreement to extend Kyoto and its firm targets approach beyond 2012 will not be possible until President Bush leaves the White House in early 2009.

Garrett told Reuters a Labor government would continue to support the Asia-Pacific climate pact, AP6, which promotes clean technology deployment across six nations including the US, Japan, China and India. He also said he would try and deliver an emissions trading scheme in 2010, a year or two earlier than the Howard plan.

But Labor is not across the line yet. Some local political pundits believe that a tough election campaign may see the poll gap narrow as the 11-year Howard government mounts a desperate bid to retain office.

Ian Hamilton
carbonpositive

Related stories:
Bush climate talks fail to break impasse
UN climate summit high on rhetoric